There is growing pressure from developed countries to step up efforts to mitigate climate change in developing countries. However, the economies of some of these countries are heavily dependent on fossil fuels. Mitigating climate change, for example by decarbonising their economies, could therefore threaten economic development and potentially increase poverty levels. Notably, this applies only to some mitigation measures, and the socio-economic impacts of these measures on developing countries are still poorly understood.
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